How affinity, potency and response are separated when one molecule is studied across three receptors.
Three receptors, three measurement systems
The GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon receptors belong to the G-protein-coupled receptor family. Their activation can be studied using binding assays or functional readouts such as second-messenger production. Results depend on the cell system, receptor expression and assay format.
Potency does not always mean the same response
The concentration required for a defined response should not be confused with maximum response or binding affinity. Comparisons between molecules require shared conditions, appropriate controls and reporting of uncertainty. Numbers from different laboratories are not automatically directly comparable.
From assay to conclusion
A functional assay supports a conclusion about its specific model and endpoint. It does not alone establish behaviour in a whole organism. Strong reporting states the protocol, controls, replicates and limitations before connecting the result to broader biology.